Solar attachment for transit-instruments



A (No Model.)

' R. M. JONES.

SOLAR ATTACHMENT FOR TRANSIT INSTRUMENTS.

Patented Jan. 16, 1883.

WITNESSES I J Y W% EJNITED STATES PATENT Farce.

ROBERT M. JONES, OF SANTA FE, TERRITORY OF NEWT MEXICO.

SOLAR ATTACHMENT FOR TRANSIT=INSTRUMENTS.

SPECIFICATION-forming part of Letters-Patent No. 270,679, dated January 16, 1883.

' Application filed September 7, 1882. (No model.)

To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, ROBERT M. JONES, a citizen of the United States, residing at Santa F, in the county of Santa F and Territory of New Mexico, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Solar Attachments to Engineers or Surveyors Transit-Instruments; and I do hereby declare the following to be a full, clear, and exact description of the invention, such as will enable others skilled in the art to which it appertains to make and use the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, and to the letters and figures of reference marked thereon, which form a part of this specification.

My invention relates to certain improvements in surveyorsor engineers transits; and it consists in solar attachments to the same, which will be more fully described in the specification and shown in the accompanying drawings.

My invention further consists in a double latitude-arc to the solar attachments of a transit-instrument.

In the drawings, wherein similar parts are represented by the same letters in the several figures, Figure l is a front view of my improved transit, the standards being broken away to exhibit the beam of the latitude-arc and the level for adjusting the polar axis. Figs. 2, 3, 4, and 5 are detail views of parts of the instrument.

P represents the hanger at the object end of the' telescope, and M a similar hanger at the sight end, by which the attachments are connected with the telescope.

G is a double-faced level attached to the plate F, and provided with the two scales Z,

one above and one beneath.

E is a screw by which the plate F is attached to the beam.

A represents the telescope; B, the standards of transit, showing the broken ends below; 0, the axis of the telescope, on which it revolves, all of which is the usual form makers adopt in making engineers transits.

Dis the beam of the latitude-arc, which is hinged at the object end of the telescope by the screw S, and moves vertically at the opposite end between the are V and the vernier W.

F is a flat plate, on which is attached the level G and the vernier I, which is hinged at one end by the screw E, and moves vertically at the other end between the arc J and the vernier I. The level-tube G is open at the upperand lower sides, the glass tube to be ground on upper and lower sides parallel to each other, and a scale, Z, attached to upper and lower edge of leveltube. The level G, the arc J, and the vernier I act as the limb-arc and vernier of the first latitude-arc,on which is taken the latie tude of a place, as described hereinafter.

K 'is a tangent-screw, which operates the level and limb'to latitude-arc.

His a clamp-screw, which clamps the level G to the are J.

L is a tan gent-sore w, which operates the long beam D and vernier W on its arc V, (second latitude-arc.) I

O is a level set parallel to the telescope, with scaleZ and usual capstan adjustment, for the purpose of adjusting the polar axis U.

T is the declination-arc.

U is the polar axis as previously patented.

In the accompanying drawings the letters in Figs. 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 represent the same parts and pieces, but of difl'erent elevations.

In my improvement I claim all which is represented in the drawings below the telescope, and attached to the telescope by the hangers P and M, to be a new invention in form and p'rinciplenamely, a double latitude-arc to the solar attachment to surveyors or engineers transit-s. I also claimthe principle of placing a level at an incline to the telescope in any form for the purpose of inclining a telescope to a parallal plane to the equator. I also claim the level, open at top and bottom faces, for the purpose of testing adjustments and for taking the latitude before and after noon. I

To adjust the latitude-arcs, place the zeropoints of the arc V and the vernier Wopposite,

raise the vernier I by the tangent-screw K to ninety degrees on the are J, place the level 0 in position, and if the levels 0 and G remain in position during a complete revolution of the transit horizontally there is no index error in either of the latitude-arcs.

To use the latitude-arc and to ascertain the latitude of a place, place the zero-points of the vernier W and are V even; set the declination of thesun on-its are for twelve 111. As the sun passes the meridian, incline the telescope until the image of the sun falls in the equatorial lines,

ICO

raise or lower the end of the level G by the tangent-screw K until the level is in position, clamp the level G by the screw H, and the true latitude is given on the arc J by its vernier I. After this observation is made the latitude is set on its are permanently for that parallel of latitude, and to use the instrument thereafter the level G is brought into position, when the declination-arc is used, and the true meridian is given and all changes of latitude to be computed and set off on the latitude-arc V by its vernier \V, which reads to ten seconds of are on a five-inch transit.

To take the latitude before or after noon, bring the level G in position, also tlieimage ot'the sun, clamp the instrument horizontally, reverse the telescope one hundred and eighty degrees, and observe the sun through the opposite end of the declination-arc. If it does not test, turn the horizontal limb by its tangentscrew until the sun falls in the equatorial lines, read the error on the horizontal limb, and set it back one-half, incline the telescope until the sun appears in its proper position, raise or lower the level Gr until in position, and the latitude is taken.

I claim 1. The double latitude-arc V J, attached to the telescope of an engineers transitinstrument by the hangers P and M, in combination with the bent beam D, the clamp H, level 0,

polar axis U, and the telescope A, all as described, and for the purpose specified.

2. The level G, placed at an angle to the telescope for the purpose of indicating the parallelism of the plane of the telescope to that of the equator, or its divergence therefrom, in combination with the double are V and J, each provided with its vernier and tangent-screw, all as shown and described, and for the purpose specified.

3. The combination of the telescope A, beam D, arcs V and J, provided with veruiers and tangent-screws, and levels 0 and G, all as described, and for the purposes specified.

4. The combination, with the telescope of an engineers transit-instrument, of the double latitude-arcs and the declination-arc, all as hereinbet'ore described and specified.

5. The combination, in an engineefis transitinstrument, of the telescope A, plate F, clamp H, arcs V and J, and levels 0 and G, the latter having both upper and lower face open, and each face being provided with a scale Z, for the purpose hereinbet'ore set forth.

In testimony whereof I aflix my signature in presence of two witnesses.

ROBERT M. JONES.

XVitnesses:

JOHNSTON B. MOLAUGIILIN, JOHN A. CURTIS. 

